Fusion

A Future Prognosis

Athena @ Shaping Tomorrow

27 July 2024
Introduction
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Contents
User Guide
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Sources
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World Outlook
Main factors that cause something to happen globally
There is a real chance that advanced SMRs and nuclear fusion will radically change the global energy equation in the 2030s. The Telegraph
The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, or ITER, is the multi-billion dollar tokamak megaproject aimed at achieving fusion on Earth, and it will not achieve first plasma until 2025. Popular Mechanics
The world's first commercial nuclear fusion reactor will be up and running by 2040, the UK government has pledged. Euronews.com
Global regions, coloured according to number of forecasts
SWOT
Strengths
  • Quantinuum's H-Series hardware will benefit scientists across various areas of research, including exascale computing algorithms, fusion energy development, climate resilience and more. PR Newswire
  • The proposed new baseline designs a path to a scientifically and technically robust initial phase of operations, including deuterium-deuterium fusion operation in 2035 followed by full magnetic energy and plasma current operation. Nuclear Engineering International
  • Safran's PPSX00 plasma thrusters, rated at about one kilowatt of power, will be used to meet the burgeoning mobility requirements of LEO satellites. Terran Orbital
Weaknesses
  • The global supply of tritium is limited, and future fusion reactors are expected to require much larger quantities of tritium to operate continuously. Innovation News Network
  • The risks of internal exposure to tritium: There's clear evidence of neurological damage. CounterPunch.org
  • To understand why the worldwide experts are worried about the fast accidental losses of plasma current and stored energy that occur during disruptions, one only has to keep in mind that the stored magnetic energy in ITER can reach about 1 GJ, and it would be released within a fraction of a second. ITER
Opportunities
  • Tech companies rake in $7.1 billion on quest to harness nuclear fusion as major energy source from NBC Bay Area noted new investments, an increase in the fusion workforce, and how the benefits of fusion could potentially impact millions of people facing energy crises around the world. Fusion Industry Association
  • A nuclear fusion experiment at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has set a record for the strongest steady magnetic field confining a plasma, ushering in new hope that forthcoming demonstration reactors will deliver on their promises to produce more power than they consume. TechCrunch
  • Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory are applying their expertise in physics, chemistry and computer modeling to create the next generation of computer chips, aiming for processes and materials that will produce chips with smaller features. phys.org
Threats
  • IAEA's endorsement begs a critical question of whom the public can trust when the IAEA overstates well-known facts about the dangers of tritium while violating its own policies for nuclear safety. CounterPunch.org
  • The low level of tritium radiation released is acceptable risk. CounterPunch.org
  • A measure that could also accentuate France's energy dependence on nuclear power, threatened by the increase in fusion projects. EnergyNews
Influencers
Countries
Cities
People
Organizations
S-Curve

A framework that describes a 4-phase level of maturity to help determine potential and inform innovation strategy.

Weak
fusion, clean, fuel, built, commercial, plasma
Emerging
fusion, EV, charger, commercial, artificial intelligence, clean
Maturing
fusion, commercial, clean, carbon, company, plant
Declining
national, coal, fusion, nuclear, environment, isotope
Sentiment
Past Year: Stable
Compare changing sentiment to a benchmark of all forecasts
There is a real chance that advanced SMRs and nuclear fusion will radically change the global energy equation in the 2030s. The Telegraph
Harnessing energy from nuclear fusion - the combining of nuclei, which lie within atoms - could be instrumental in the shift towards a decarbonized global energy system. StudyFinds
PEST
Political
  • Although the LWR appears to be designed for civilian electricity production, it has a latent capacity to produce weapons-grade plutonium or tritium that could be used for North Korea's nuclear weapons program. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
  • Collaboration has long been a key facet of nuclear fusion - principally through the ITER project involving the European Union, Japan and several other countries - and it is expected to play an important role in the development of the domestic fusion ecosystem. The Japan Times
  • In support of the fusion energy strategy, DOE announced a $180m funding opportunity for Fusion Innovative Research Engine (FIRE) Collaboratives. Innovation News Network
Economic
  • ITER was expected to hold its first plasma in 2025, with its first fusion reaction slated for 2035. Gizmodo
  • ITER, the largest testing bed for nuclear fusion on Earth, could prove the viability of the power source-if it ever turns on. Gizmodo
  • Helion plans to start operating its seventh prototype reactor by the year's end, and aims to build a fusion plant for Microsoft by 2028, which would likely make it the world's first commercial, power-generating facility - if it succeeds. GeekWire
Social
  • ITER's plasma current will peak at 15 million amperes, a record for tokamaks built worldwide. Interesting Engineering
  • ITER, a €20 billion nuclear fusion reactor under construction in France, will now not switch on until 2035 - a delay of 10 years. New Scientist
  • Recognizing the potential for fusion energy to serve as a breakthrough energy solution, the G7 is establishing a Working Group on Fusion Energy to share best practices and promote cooperation on research and development. The White House
Technological
  • In the face of continued challenges in raising capital for 'deep-tech' ventures, the additional funding underscores confidence in fusion technology's potential to revolutionize the global energy landscape on a timescale that is relevant to investors. Fusion Industry Association
  • Some analysts estimate North Korea could produce up to between seven and 12 grams of tritium per year; enough for one to three boosted fission bombs depending on the design (Yang et al. 2024). Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
  • Scientists such as John Nuckolls in the United States quickly realized that with an implosion system, in which an assortment of lasers simultaneously fire to compress and heat a small amount of fusionable material, fusion-relevant conditions could be created. ITER
Financial Impact
Up to £1.5m for prototype development and evaluation is available to organisations, to 'realise the potential of lithium in an economic, sustainable and scalable fusion energy fuel-cycle'. GOV.UK
THE UK Atomic Energy Authority has announced the development of a new industrial-sized facility that will support research into tritium processing, an essential fuel for nuclear fusion technology. no2nuclearpower
ITER will be the world's largest tokamak-twice the size of the largest machine currently in operation, with six times the plasma chamber volume. ITER
Click on the dots or the lines to see the connections
System Map
Organizations
Sectors
Cities
Countries
People
Scenarios
Creates plausible alternative futures of what can happen and encourages development of a robust, agile response
Harnessing energy from nuclear fusion - the combining of nuclei, which lie within atoms - could be instrumental in the shift towards a decarbonised global energy system. The Conversation
Aurora's speed and artificial intelligence capabilities will transform scientific research and enable breakthroughs in some of the world's most pressing challenges, from climate and materials science to energy storage and fusion energy. Tech Xplore
The potential for grid-scale adoption of nuclear fusion energy represents a significant shift in global energy paradigms, promising an era of clean, abundant, and sustainable power. Kinomoto.Mag
Warnings
Changing proportion of published forecasts
With two sites - one in Delft, The Netherlands, and one is Zurich, Switzerland, - Cradle is straddling the world of biology and artificial intelligence, a powerful fusion of technologies that threatens to disrupt the way scientists design proteins. Forbes
When applied to energy production on Earth, fusion will be very different from the fission reactions used in nuclear power plants today. The Christian Science Monitor
Solutions
Know how others are tackling issues with this topic
Nuclear fusion has been touted by its supporters as a clean, abundant and safe source of energy that could eventually allow humanity to break its dependence on coal, crude oil, natural gas and other hydrocarbons driving a global climate crisis. phys.org
NT-Tao is pioneering a new approach to fusion, combining the latest in advanced technologies that will provide the world with access to a compact and scalable fusion solution for all energy needs. PR Newswire
Tritium envisions a world in which fast EV charging is everywhere. Business News Australia
Key topics
Extremes
Investigate what’s transforming or collapsing
Fusion-generated electricity will ultimately transform the world with abundant, clean energy. Tech Xplore
There are downsides - a helium-3 fusion reactor will need to operate at much higher temperatures than a tritium reactor, for example, and helium-3 is extremely rare and difficult to isolate on Earth. New Atlas
LaserNetUS funding will allow scientists to take advantage of the Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument and ultrabright X-rays at the Linac Coherent Light Source to explore fundamental plasma science and inertial fusion energy research and technology. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
What's Next
Changing proportion of material mentioning future years
Tech giant Microsoft announced an agreement to source energy from the clean energy startup Helion' planned fusion power plant, anticipated to be the world's first, coming online by 2028. ESG Today
The global race to develop commercial fusion energy could be won in Massachusetts, where a private company is aiming to operate the world's first fusion power plant within the next decade. Boston Herald
Questions
Can?
How can a PPCF help support supply chains, community engagement and technology adoption of fusion energy in the long term? Federal Register
Can the Quantum Fusion processor deliver on its promise of enhanced performance and energy efficiency compared to existing smartphone processors? Smartphone Magazine
How can nuclear fusion help the environment? Happiful Magazine
How?
How will the power generated by nuclear fusion reactions be converted into electricity? ITER
How do we build a nuclear fusion reactor that produces net energy? Bessemer Venture Partners
How can nuclear fusion be controlled and harnessed for society's energy, security and technology needs? Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Who?
How TSMC Builds a $19 Billion Fab >> The World's Largest Fusion Reactor Now Has the World's Most Powerful Magnet >> Who Will Build Consumers a Debt Dashboard? Futureseek Link Digest
What?
What are some public-private consortia models that could be emulated or adapted to best serve the needs of the U.S. in establishing a robust fusion power industry? Federal Register
What are the key trends in sensor fusion and data integration in the context of laser displacement sensors? Mobility Foresights
To what extent will fusion continue to play a role on the global stage, with pledges made at COP 28 for developing fusion as a sustainable and low-carbon energy source for future generations? Open Access Government
When?
What are some of the most promising approaches to achieving sustainable fusion power, and when might they become a viable source of energy? Medium
When will nuclear fusion become a viable source of energy? Euronews.com
Will?
The answer to the energy and climate crisis will scientists and engineers be able to unleashed the potential of fusion before it's too late? Internet Archive
Will Nuclear Fusion Ever Power the World? Gizmodo Australia
Does that mean Helion will deliver nuclear fusion power to Microsoft in five years? Forbes
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